A. Lemon juice has enzymes which reverse the browning reaction
B. Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes
C. Lemon juice functions to bleach the brown material
D. Lemon juice functions to dilute the brown material
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Browning of the apple surface is due to the action of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. Lemon juice is acidic and lowers the pH of the apple's surface. This inactivates the enzyme polyphenol oxidase, which works best at a neutral pH. This in turn reduces the browning action on the apple.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is B.
Which of the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day?
A. Water has a high specific heat capacity
B. Water is a versatile solvent
C. Water forms covalent bonds with other water molecules
D. Water's adhesive properties prevent evaporation
The Correct Answer is A.Water has a high specific heat capacity, which means it can absorb and store a large amount of heat energy without significantly changing in temperature. This helps moderate the temperature fluctuations of the air near the coast, as water can store heat during the day and release it at night, or vice versa.
The hip is an example of which of the following type of joints?
A. Ball-and-socket
B. Pivot
C. Gliding
D. Hinge
The Correct Answer is A.The hip joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint. The hip joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the femur with the acetabulum of the pelvis. The rounded head of the femur (ball) fits into the cup-shaped acetabulum (socket), allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple planes.
A study found two processes. Process A and Process B, are to be correlated.
Which of the following is true for these processes?
A. The study indicates that Process A causes Process B
B. The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a negative relationship
C. The study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes.
D. The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a positive relationship
The Correct Answer is C.Correlation does not imply causation. Even if two processes are found to be correlated, it does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. It could be that they are both influenced by a third factor, or the correlation could be coincidental. Therefore, the study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes.
Which of the following cells transfers pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?
A. Melanocytes
B. Merkel cells
C. Langerhans cells
D. Keratinocytes
The Correct Answer is A.Melanocytes are specialized skin cells that produce melanin, which is the protective skin-darkening pigment. They are found mainly in the epidermis, though they occur elsewhere, such as in the hair.
Which of the following distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands from another?
A. The presence or absence of ducts
B. The effect their secretions have on the target cells
C. The biochemistry of their secretions
D. The presence or absence of nerve innervation
The Correct Answer is A.Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts that carry them to the target organs. In contrast, endocrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream, which carries them to target cells throughout the body.
Which of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?
A. Renal artery
B. Urethra
C. Ureter
D. Renal Vein
The Correct Answer is D.The renal vein drains deoxygenated blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava.
A slice of apple left on a table slowly goes brown due to an enzymatic reaction. Dipping the apple slice in lemon juice prevents it from browning Which of the following best explains this result?
A. Lemon juice has enzymes which reverse the browning reaction
B. Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes
C. Lemon juice functions to bleach the brown material
D. Lemon juice functions to dilute the brown material
The Correct Answer is B.Browning of the apple surface is due to the action of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. Lemon juice is acidic and lowers the pH of the apple's surface. This inactivates the enzyme polyphenol oxidase, which works best at a neutral pH. This in turn reduces the browning action on the apple.
Which of the following demonstrates a chemical reaction of water?
A. Water boils to produce steam at 100° C (252)
B. Water Dissolves sugar
C. Water produces gas with sodium metal
D. Water and all separate when combined
The Correct Answer is C.a. Water boils to produce steam at 100°C - This is a phase change (from liquid to gas) and not a chemical reaction of water.
b. Water dissolves sugar - This is a physical change, not a chemical reaction of water.
c. Water produces gas with sodium metal - This reaction involves the chemical reaction of water with sodium metal to produce hydrogen gas.
d. Water and oil separate when combined - This is a physical separation, not a chemical reaction of water.
in pea plants, green pod color (6) is dominant to yellow pod color ( A cross was done between a plant with green pods and a plant with yellow pods. Of the resulting offspring 50% had green pods and 50% had yellow pods. Which of the following were the genotypes of both parent plants?
A. Ggx Gg
B. GG x gg
C. Gg x gg
D. gg x gg
The Correct Answer is C.
|
|
G |
g |
|
g |
Gg |
gg |
|
g |
Gg |
gg |
Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?
A. Passive transport using carrier proteins
B. Conversion to carbon monoxide
C. Active transport using energy
D. Diffusion down a concentration gradient
The Correct Answer is D.Most of the carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the alveoli through the process of diffusion down a concentration gradient. In the lungs, there is a higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood compared to the alveoli. Its molecules, therefore, move from an area of higher concentration (blood) to an area of lower concentration (alveoli) until equilibrium is reached. This is a passive process and does not require energy or carrier proteins.