A. Filtration
B. Titration
C. Electrophoresis
D. Spectrophotometry
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Electrophoresis is a lab method that is commonly used to separate charge molecules based on their size. Some of the charged molecules include DNA, RNA, and proteins.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is C.
The process that moves nutrients into the blood or lymph is
A. digestion
B. ingestion
C. elimination
D. absorption
The Correct Answer is D.Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.
Ingestion is the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.
Elimination refers to the removal of indigestible wastes through the anus, in the form of feaces.
Which of the following is the atomic number of an atom that has 12 protons and 12 neutrons?
A. 144
B. 12
C. 24
D. 1
The Correct Answer is B.elements are arranged on the periodic table based on their atomic number. This identity is critical in evaluating the chemical families of elements in chemistry. Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus while electrons are found outside the nucleus of the atom. It is the number of protons of an atom that gives its atomic number. Therefore, an atom with 12 protons has an atomic number of 12.
Metabolism of proteins
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?
A. Sebum
B. Urea
C. Lysozymes
D. Water
The Correct Answer is B.Proteins are nitrogen-based compounds, which when broken down release ammonia. Ammonia is a toxic substance to the body, and sebaceous glands coverts it to urea.
In a certain plant, red flowers are dominant over white flowers.
A plant heterozygous for red flowers and a plant with white flowers are crossed.
Which of the following is the expected proportion of phenotypes in the next generation?
A. 3 red, 1 white
B. 1 white, 3 red
C. 2 red, 2 white
D. 4 white
The Correct Answer is C.2 red, 2 white.
In this cross, the plant heterozygous for red flowers has the genotype Rr (where R represents the dominant red allele and r represents the recessive white allele), while the plant with white flowers has the genotype rr.
The possible offspring from this cross would have the genotypes Rr (red), Rr (red), rr (white), and rr (white), resulting in a 1:1 ratio of red to white flowers.
Lithium has an atomic number of 3 and a mass number of 7.
Which of the following is the number of neutrons in a lithium atom?
A. 4
B. 7
C. 12
D. 3
The Correct Answer is A.The atom is identified by the atomic number in the periodic table. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons and mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Thus, to find how many neutrons are in lithium atom we use the formula below.
Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons.
Letting n be number of neutrons in the lithium atom, we have
7=3+n
Rearranging the above equation
3+n=7
n=7-3
n=4
Thus, lithium atom has 4 neutrons.
Practice Question
An atom has 14 protons and 20 neutrons. What is its atomic number?
A. 20
B. 17
C. 10
D. 14
The Correct Answer is D.Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?
A. Diffusion down a concentration gradient
B. Conversion of carbon monoxide
C. Passive transport using carrier proteins
D. Active transport using energy
The Correct Answer is A.Carbon dioxide moves from the blood to the alveoli through the process of diffusion. The blood has a high concentration of carbon dioxide than the alveoli.
Therefore, carbon dioxide diffuses from blood to alveoli through the cell membrane.
If a portion of strand of DNA bases reads 5’ AGCTAGCGT 3’, what would the sequence of bases on the complementary strand read?
A. 5’ UCGAUCGCA 3’
B. 3’ TCGATCGCA 5’
C. 5’ TCGUTCGCU 3’
D. 3’ AGCTAGCGT 5’
The Correct Answer is B.The complimentary base pairing of DNA states that A pairs with T while C pairs with G. From the give sequence, the complimentary DNA strand will be 3’ TCGATCGCA 5’
The Life Cycle of HIV
Which of the following allows the AIDS virus, which contains RNA, to insert viral DNA into the DNA of a host T-cell after the AIDS virus enters the cell?
A. Receptor proteins located on the surface of the virus
B. The protein that makes up the capsid of the virus
C. Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme encoded by the virus
D. The phospholipids found on the envelope of the virus
The Correct Answer is C.The AIDS virus (HIV virus) is Class VI or Group VI in the Baltimore Classification. Based on the Baltimore Classification, this specifically involves the reverse transcriptase enzyme and it is encoded by the virus.
This is the enzyme that will produce DNA molecules from the viral RNA. This is the mechanism involved where it will use the reverse transcriptase enzyme to insert viral DNA into the genetic material of the host cell.
Punnett square
In a certain plant, red flowers are dominant over white flowers. A plant heterozygous for red flowers and a plant with white flowers are crossed. Which of the following is the expected proportion of phenotypes in the next generation?
A. 4 red, 0 white
B. 2 red, 2 white
C. 1 red, 3 white
D. 3 red, 1 white
The Correct Answer is B.We use the Punnet square to find the population of the resulting offspring from the crossing of a plant heterozygous for red flowers with a plant with white flowers.
Let R be the dominant allele for red while r is the recessive allele color for red. Therefore, the phenotype for parent 1 which is heterozygous for red flower will be Rr and the second parent with white flowers will be rr.
We cross the two phenotypes in a Punnet square as follows
|
|
r |
r |
|
R |
Rr |
Rr |
|
r |
rr |
rr |
Thus, there are 2 heterozygous offspring with red flowers and 2 offspring with white flowers.