What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?

A. Neutralization reaction.

B. Decomposition reaction.

C. Synthesis reaction.

D. Redox reaction.

A. Neutralization reaction. (Correct Answer): When acids and bases react, they undergo a neutralization reaction, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. In this reaction, the acidic properties of the acid are neutralized by the basic properties of the base.

B. Decomposition reaction: A decomposition reaction involves the breakdown of a compound into smaller substances. It does not typically describe the reaction between acids and bases.

C. Synthesis reaction: A synthesis reaction involves the formation of a compound from simpler substances. It does not typically describe the reaction between acids and bases.

D. Redox reaction: A redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons between reactants. While redox reactions can occur in certain acid-base reactions, they are not specific to the reaction between acids and bases. The typical reaction between acids and bases involves proton transfer rather than electron transfer. Therefore, "neutralization reaction" is a more specific and accurate term for this type of reaction.

A. To provide energy for photosynthesis

B. To build cellulose in cell walls

C. To build amino acids and proteins

D. To regulate water uptake

A) To provide energy for photosynthesis: While nitrogen is essential for various metabolic processes in plants, it is not directly involved in providing energy for photosynthesis. Instead, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose during photosynthesis.

B) To build cellulose in cell walls: Nitrogen is not directly involved in the synthesis of cellulose, which is primarily composed of glucose units. Cellulose synthesis mainly relies on carbon and hydrogen, which are obtained from carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis.

C) To build amino acids and proteins: Plants use nitrogen from fertilizers to synthesize amino acids and proteins. Nitrogen is a crucial component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, which are essential for plant growth, development, and various physiological processes.

D) To regulate water uptake (Correct Answer): Nitrogen plays a role in regulating various physiological processes in plants, including water uptake. It affects the osmotic potential of plant cells and helps regulate the movement of water and nutrients within the plant.

A. Metal oxides are bases and forms alkalis in water.

B. Non-metal oxides form acids in water.

C. Solutions of non-metal oxides change red litmus blue.

D. Metal oxides color universal indicator blue and non-metal oxides color it red.

A. Metal oxides are bases and form alkalis in water: This statement is generally true. Metal oxides typically react with water to form basic solutions (alkalis). Therefore, this statement is true.

B. Non-metal oxides form acids in water: This statement is generally true. Non-metal oxides typically react with water to form acidic solutions. Therefore, this statement is true.

C. Solutions of non-metal oxides change red litmus blue: This statement is not true. Non-metal oxides typically form acidic solutions in water, which would not change red litmus paper to blue. Instead, they would typically turn blue litmus paper red.

D. Metal oxides color universal indicator blue and non-metal oxides color it red: This statement is generally true. Metal oxides tend to produce basic solutions, which turn universal indicator blue. Non-metal oxides tend to produce acidic solutions, which turn universal indicator red. Therefore, this statement is true.

A. Because it does not react with water

B. Because it does not contain hydrogen ions (H+)

C. Because it contains hydrogen ions but not chloride ions (Cl-)

D. Because hydrogen is bonded to chlorine in dry HCl and not dissociated

A) Because it does not react with water: While dry hydrogen chloride gas does not react with water, the absence of this reaction does not inherently determine its acidity. Acidity is determined by the presence of hydrogen ions in solution.

B) Because it does not contain hydrogen ions (H+): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not contain free hydrogen ions, which are characteristic of acidic solutions. However, the absence of hydrogen ions alone does not explain why dry hydrogen chloride gas is not acidic.

C) Because it contains hydrogen ions but not chloride ions (Cl-): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not contain free chloride ions, but the presence of hydrogen ions is crucial for acidity. However, the absence of chloride ions alone does not fully explain why dry hydrogen chloride gas is not acidic.

D) Because hydrogen is bonded to chlorine in dry HCl and not dissociated (Correct Answer): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-) because there is no water present to facilitate dissociation. Therefore, it does not exhibit acidic properties in the absence of dissociation.

A. Red

B. Yellow

C. Blue

D. Black

A) Red (Correct Answer): Acids turn litmus paper red. Litmus paper is a common indicator that changes color in response to changes in acidity or alkalinity. Acids change the blue litmus paper to red.

B) Yellow: Acids do not typically turn litmus paper yellow. Litmus paper is generally unaffected by acids in a way that would cause it to turn yellow.

C) Blue: Acids do not turn litmus paper blue. Instead, they change blue litmus paper to red.

D) Black: Acids do not turn litmus paper black. Litmus paper is not expected to change to black in the presence of acids.

A. Sulfuric acid

B. Hydrochloric acid

C. Nitric acid

D. Acetic acid

A) Sulfuric acid: Sulfuric acid is not used in the production of ammonium nitrate. Although sulfuric acid is a widely used acid in various industries, it is not involved in the synthesis of ammonium nitrate.

B) Hydrochloric acid: Hydrochloric acid is not used in the production of ammonium nitrate. While it is an important industrial acid, it does not react with ammonia to produce ammonium nitrate.

C) Nitric acid (Correct Answer): Ammonium nitrate is typically produced by reacting ammonia (NH3) with nitric acid (HNO3). The reaction forms ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), which is a common fertilizer and explosive compound.

D) Acetic acid: Acetic acid, commonly known as vinegar, is not used in the production of ammonium nitrate. It is a weak acid and does not react with ammonia to form ammonium nitrate.

A. Filtration

B. Distillation

C. Evaporation

D. Decantation

A) Filtration (Correct Answer): Filtration is a commonly used method to separate solid particles, such as unreacted copper oxide, from a liquid solution. The solution containing the dissolved copper sulfate can pass through the filter paper, while the solid copper oxide particles are retained on the filter.

B) Distillation: Distillation is a process used to separate components of a mixture based on differences in their boiling points. It is not typically used to separate solid particles from a liquid solution.

C) Evaporation: Evaporation involves heating the solution to allow the solvent (water) to vaporize, leaving behind the solute (copper sulfate) as solid crystals. While evaporation can concentrate the solution, it does not effectively remove solid particles like unreacted copper oxide.

D) Decantation: Decantation involves pouring off the liquid portion of a mixture, leaving the solid behind. While it can be used to separate solid and liquid phases, it may not effectively separate fine solid particles like unreacted copper oxide from the solution. Filtration would be a more suitable method for this purpose.

A. A gas formed during a chemical reaction

B. A liquid formed when two aqueous solutions react

C. A solid formed when two aqueous solutions react

D. A solution formed during a chemical reaction

A) A gas formed during a chemical reaction: While gases can indeed be produced during chemical reactions, a precipitate specifically refers to a solid that forms during a reaction.

B) A liquid formed when two aqueous solutions react: Precipitates are not liquids. They are solids that are formed when certain ions combine to form an insoluble compound.

C) A solid formed when two aqueous solutions react (Correct Answer): A precipitate is indeed a solid substance that forms when two aqueous solutions react and certain ions combine to create an insoluble compound.

D) A solution formed during a chemical reaction: A precipitate is not a solution. It is the solid product that separates out of a solution during a chemical reaction due to its limited solubility.

A. Iron

B. Iron sulfide

C. Copper chloride

D. Sulfur

A. Iron (Correct Answer): Iron can react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas according to the following reaction:

2HCl + Fe => FeCl2 + H2

So, adding iron to dilute hydrochloric acid would produce hydrogen gas.

B. Iron sulfide: Iron sulfide may react with hydrochloric acid, but it does not directly produce hydrogen gas. The reaction would likely produce hydrogen sulfide gas instead.

C. Copper chloride: Copper chloride does not react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction between copper chloride and hydrochloric acid would likely produce copper chloride and hydrogen chloride gas.

D. Sulfur: Sulfur does not react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction between sulfur and hydrochloric acid would likely produce hydrogen sulfide gas.

A. Acidic

B. Basic

C. Neutral

D. Pure

a. Acidic: Solutions with pH values below 7 are considered acidic. A pH of 8 indicates a solution that is more basic than acidic.

b. Basic (Correct Answer): Solutions with pH values above 7 are considered basic or alkaline. A pH of 8 indicates a basic solution.

c. Neutral: Solutions with a pH of 7 are considered neutral. A pH of 8 indicates a solution that is slightly basic, not neutral.