What is produced when an acid reacts with ammonia?

A. Water

B. Ammonia and Water

C. Ammonium salt

D. Hydrogen gas

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Answer Explanation:

A) Water: Water is not typically produced when an acid reacts with ammonia. Water may be present in the reaction mixture, but it is not a direct product of the reaction between the acid and ammonia.

B) Ammonium chloride: Water and ammonia  are not typically produced when an acid reacts with ammonia. 

C) Ammonium salt (Correct Answer): When an acid reacts with ammonia, an ammonium salt is typically formed. The specific ammonium salt produced depends on the acid used in the reaction.

D) Hydrogen gas: Hydrogen gas is not typically produced when an acid reacts with ammonia. The reaction between an acid and ammonia does not involve the liberation of hydrogen gas.

Therefore, the Correct Answer is C.

More Questions on C2 Acids, Bases and Salts

Question 1:

Why is KOH a strong alkali?

A. Because it reacts vigorously with acids

B. Because it forms a basic solution when dissolved in water

C. Because in solution it fully dissociates into K+ and OH-

D. Because it forms insoluble precipitates with metal cations

The Correct Answer is C.

A) Because it reacts vigorously with acids: While KOH does react with acids to form salts and water, the strength of an alkali is not solely determined by its reactivity with acids.

B) Because it forms a basic solution when dissolved in water: This statement is true, but it does not fully explain why KOH is considered a strong alkali. Many compounds can form basic solutions when dissolved in water.

C) Because in solution it fully dissociates into K+ and OH- (Correct Answer): KOH is considered a strong alkali because it fully dissociates in aqueous solution into potassium ions (K+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). This dissociation leads to a high concentration of hydroxide ions in solution, making it strongly alkaline.

D) Because it forms insoluble precipitates with metal cations: This statement describes the formation of insoluble hydroxide precipitates when alkali solutions are added to solutions of metal salts. However, it does not fully explain why KOH itself is considered a strong alkali.


Question 2:

How can copper sulfate crystals be separated from copper sulfate solution?

A. Filtration

B. Distillation

C. Decantation

D. Evaporation

The Correct Answer is D.

A) Filtration: Filtration is not suitable for separating dissolved substances from a solution. It is typically used to separate solid particles from a liquid mixture.

B) Distillation: Distillation is a process used to separate components of a mixture based on differences in their boiling points. It is not typically used to separate solid crystals from a solution.

C) Decantation: Decantation involves pouring off the liquid portion of a mixture, leaving the solid behind. While it can be used to separate solid and liquid phases, it may not effectively separate dissolved copper sulfate from the solution.

D) Evaporation (Correct Answer): Evaporation involves heating the solution to allow the solvent (water) to vaporize, leaving behind the solute (copper sulfate) as solid crystals. This process is commonly used to obtain solid crystals from a solution.


Question 3:

Which one of the following must be added to dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen?

A. Iron

B. Iron sulfide

C. Copper chloride

D. Sulfur

The Correct Answer is A.

A. Iron (Correct Answer): Iron can react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas according to the following reaction:

2HCl + Fe => FeCl2 + H2

So, adding iron to dilute hydrochloric acid would produce hydrogen gas.

B. Iron sulfide: Iron sulfide may react with hydrochloric acid, but it does not directly produce hydrogen gas. The reaction would likely produce hydrogen sulfide gas instead.

C. Copper chloride: Copper chloride does not react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction between copper chloride and hydrochloric acid would likely produce copper chloride and hydrogen chloride gas.

D. Sulfur: Sulfur does not react with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction between sulfur and hydrochloric acid would likely produce hydrogen sulfide gas.


Question 4:

How can solid lead iodide be separated from solution?

A. Filtration

B. Distillation

C. Decantation

D. Chromatography

The Correct Answer is A.

A) Filtration: Solid lead iodide can be separated from the solution using filtration. Filtration involves passing the mixture through a filter paper or porous material, allowing the solid particles to be retained while the liquid passes through.

B) Distillation: Distillation is a process used to separate components of a mixture based on differences in their boiling points. It is not typically used to separate solid lead iodide from a solution.

C) Decantation: Decantation involves carefully pouring off the liquid portion of a mixture, leaving the solid behind. While it can be used to separate solid and liquid phases, it may not be as effective as filtration for separating fine solid particles like lead iodide.

D) Chromatography: Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures based on differences in the components' distribution between two phases: a stationary phase and a mobile phase. It is not typically used for separating solid lead iodide from a solution.


Question 5:

What do bases react with?

A. Acids to produce salts and water

B. Salts to produce acids and water

C. Water to produce acids and salts

D. Neither acids, salts, nor water

The Correct Answer is A.

A) Acids to produce salts and water (Correct Answer): Bases react with acids to form salts and water. This reaction is a common characteristic of bases, where they accept protons (H+) from acids to form water and salts.

B) Salts to produce acids and water: Bases typically do not react with salts to produce acids and water. The reaction between a base and a salt is not a common reaction in chemistry.

C) Water to produce acids and salts: Bases do not react with water to produce acids and salts. Bases can ionize in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-) but do not typically react with water to produce acids and salts.

D) Neither acids, salts, nor water: Bases do react with acids to form salts and water, making choice D incorrect. Bases do not react with salts or water to produce acids, salts, or water.


Question 6:

What type of reaction occurs between sulfuric acid and ammonia?

A. Oxidation

B. Reduction

C. Neutralization

D. Precipitation

The Correct Answer is C.

A) Oxidation: Sulfuric acid and ammonia do not participate in an oxidation-reduction reaction, where one substance loses electrons (oxidation) and another gains electrons (reduction).

B) Reduction: Sulfuric acid and ammonia do not participate in an oxidation-reduction reaction, so reduction is not the correct type of reaction.

C) Neutralization (Correct Answer): When sulfuric acid reacts with ammonia, a neutralization reaction occurs. The acidic hydrogen ions (H+) from sulfuric acid react with the basic ammonia molecules (NH3) to form ammonium ions (NH4+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-), resulting in the formation of an ammonium sulfate salt.

D) Precipitation: A precipitation reaction occurs when two solutions react to form an insoluble solid (precipitate). However, sulfuric acid and ammonia do not form an insoluble product when they react. Therefore, precipitation is not the correct type of reaction for this scenario.


Question 7:

Why is dry hydrogen chloride gas not acidic?

A. Because it does not react with water

B. Because it does not contain hydrogen ions (H+)

C. Because it contains hydrogen ions but not chloride ions (Cl-)

D. Because hydrogen is bonded to chlorine in dry HCl and not dissociated

The Correct Answer is D.

A) Because it does not react with water: While dry hydrogen chloride gas does not react with water, the absence of this reaction does not inherently determine its acidity. Acidity is determined by the presence of hydrogen ions in solution.

B) Because it does not contain hydrogen ions (H+): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not contain free hydrogen ions, which are characteristic of acidic solutions. However, the absence of hydrogen ions alone does not explain why dry hydrogen chloride gas is not acidic.

C) Because it contains hydrogen ions but not chloride ions (Cl-): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not contain free chloride ions, but the presence of hydrogen ions is crucial for acidity. However, the absence of chloride ions alone does not fully explain why dry hydrogen chloride gas is not acidic.

D) Because hydrogen is bonded to chlorine in dry HCl and not dissociated (Correct Answer): Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-) because there is no water present to facilitate dissociation. Therefore, it does not exhibit acidic properties in the absence of dissociation.


Question 8:

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal oxide?

A. Salt and water

B. Carbon dioxide and water

C. Oxygen gas and water

D. Hydrogen gas and water

The Correct Answer is A.

A) Salt and water (Correct Answer): When an acid reacts with a metal oxide, a salt and water are typically produced. The metal in the metal oxide combines with the acid to form a salt, and water is produced as a byproduct of the reaction.

B) Carbon dioxide and water: This reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate, not a metal oxide. When carbonates react with acids, carbon dioxide gas is produced along with water and a salt.

C) Oxygen gas and water: This reaction is not typical when an acid reacts with a metal oxide. Metal oxides generally do not produce oxygen gas when reacting with acids.

D) Hydrogen gas and water: This reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a metal, not a metal oxide. When metals react with acids, hydrogen gas is typically produced along with water and a salt.


Question 9:

Why is NaCl neutral?

A. Because it contains both hydrogen and hydroxide ions in equal amounts

B. Because it contains hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in equal amounts

C. Because it does not contain any hydrogen or hydroxide ions

D. Because it dissociates completely in water

The Correct Answer is C.

Rationale for each choice:

A) Because it contains both hydrogen and hydroxide ions in equal amounts: This statement is incorrect. NaCl (sodium chloride) does not contain hydrogen or hydroxide ions. It dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-) in water, not hydrogen or hydroxide ions.

B) Because it contains hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in equal amounts: This statement is incorrect. NaCl does not contain hydrogen or hydroxide ions. In aqueous solution, NaCl dissociates into sodium ions and chloride ions, not hydrogen or hydroxide ions.

C) Because it does not contain any hydrogen or hydroxide ions (Correct Answer): NaCl is a neutral compound composed of sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). It does not contain any hydrogen or hydroxide ions, so it is neutral in aqueous solution.

D) Because it dissociates completely in water: NaCl does dissociate in water, but its dissociation does not involve the generation of hydrogen or hydroxide ions. It dissociates into sodium ions and chloride ions, which do not contribute to the pH of the solution. Therefore, the completeness of dissociation does not determine its neutrality.


Question 10:

A solution with a pH of 5.0 _____.

A. has a hydrogen-ion concentration of 5.0M

B. is neutral

C. has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1 x 10 –9 M

D. None of the above

The Correct Answer is D.

a. is basic: Incorrect. Solutions with pH values less than 7 are acidic, not basic. A pH of 5.0 indicates an acidic solution.

b. has a hydrogen-ion concentration of 5.0M: Incorrect. The pH value does not directly provide information about the concentration of hydrogen ions. pH is a logarithmic scale that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

c. is neutral: Incorrect. Solutions with a pH of 7 are considered neutral. A pH of 5.0 indicates an acidic solution.

d. has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1 x 10 –9 M: Incorrect. This statement relates to the calculation of hydroxide-ion concentration in a neutral solution using the Kw value (the ion product of water). It does not directly pertain to the pH value of the solution.