Which of the following is the atomic number of an atom that has 12 protons and 12 neutrons?
A. 24
B. 12
C. 1
D. 144
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The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
In this case, the atom has 12 protons, so its atomic number is 12.
Choice A, 24, is not the correct answer because it represents the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom’s nucleus, which is known as the mass number.
Choice C, 1, is not the correct answer because it does not represent the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus.
Choice D, 144, is not the correct answer because it represents the square of the mass number and does not represent any property of the atom.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is B.
More Questions on TEAS 7 Science Exam 2
Question 1:
Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances?
A. Kinetic energy of liquid water molecules
B. High specific heat
C. High surface tension
D. Polarity of water molecules
The Correct Answer is D.The polarity of water molecules explains its solvent abilities for certain substances.
Water is a polar molecule because it has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end due to the unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
This polarity allows water to dissolve other polar substances and ionic compounds.
Choice A.
Kinetic energy of liquid water molecules is not the correct answer because kinetic energy refers to the energy of motion and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
Choice B.
High specific heat is not the correct answer because specific heat refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
Choice C.
High surface tension is not the correct answer because surface tension refers to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
Question 2:
Which of the following is the main function of centrosomes in animal cells?
A. . Organelle trafficking.
B. Pathogen digestion.
C. Cytoplasm formation
D. Microtubule organization
The Correct Answer is D.Microtubule organization.
Centrosomes are organelles that serve as the main microtubule-organizing centers for animal cells.
They regulate the movement of microtubules and other cytoskeletal structures, thereby facilitating changes in the shapes of the membranes of animal cells.
Choice A, Organelle trafficking, is not the correct answer because while centrosomes do play a role in intracellular trafficking during interphase by organizing an astral ray of microtubules, their main function is microtubule organization.
Choice B, Pathogen digestion, is not the correct answer because centrosomes do not play a direct role in pathogen digestion.
Choice C, Cytoplasm formation, is not the correct answer because centrosomes do not play a direct role in cytoplasm formation.
Question 3:
Stimulus: 1of 1.
A group of students performed an experiment to test terminal velocity, which is the greatest speed obtained by a falling object.
The students dropped different numbers of coffee filters and measured the resulting terminal velocity.
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data in the following data table?
|
#OF FILTERS |
MASS (g) |
TERMINAL VELOCITY (m/s) |
|
1 |
1.01 |
1.74 |
|
2 |
1.99 |
2.48 |
|
3 |
3.02 |
3.04 |
|
4 |
4.0 |
3.50 |
|
5 |
5.01 |
3.80 |
A. Terminal velocity is when the force of gravity is equal to air resistance.
B. Heavier objects take more time to reach terminal velocity.
C. Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
D. The greater the number of filters, the smaller the terminal velocity.
The Correct Answer is C.Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
The data in the table shows that as the number of filters (and therefore the mass) increases, the terminal velocity also increases.
This means that the heavier objects (with more filters) are falling faster than the lighter objects (with fewer filters).
Choice A is not supported by the data in the table as much as it is true.
Terminal velocity is indeed when the force of gravity is equal to air resistance, but this definition does not provide any information about the relationship between mass and terminal velocity.
Choice B is also not supported by the data in the table.
The data does not provide any information about the time it takes for an object to reach terminal velocity.
Choice D is not supported by the data in the table.
The data shows that as the number of filters increases, the terminal velocity also increases.
This means that the greater the number of filters, the greater (not smaller) the terminal velocity.
Question 4:
Testosterone is categorized as which of the following types of hormones?
A. Estrogen
B. Progestin
C. Aldosterone
D. Androgen
The Correct Answer is D.Testosterone is classified as an androgen hormone.
Androgens are a type of sex hormone that primarily regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics, such as body hair growth, muscle mass, and deepening of the voice.
Testosterone is produced primarily in the testes in males and in smaller amounts in the ovaries and adrenal glands in females.
Option A, estrogen, is a female hormone that regulates the development of female sexual characteristics, such as breast growth and menstruation.
While estrogen and testosterone are both steroid hormones and can be converted to one another in the body, testosterone is not categorized as estrogen.
Option B, progestin, is a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone.
Progesterone is a female hormone that plays a role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
Testosterone and progestin are not related, and testosterone is not categorized as progestin.
Option C, aldosterone, is a mineralocorticoid hormone that regulates salt and water balance in the body.
It is produced in the adrenal gland and plays a role in regulating blood pressure.
Testosterone and aldosterone are not related, and testosterone is not categorized as aldosterone.
Question 5:
Hikers who found a human body at high altitude in the Italian Alps thought the man had died recently, but tests indicated he was shot with an arrow more than 5,300 years ago.
Which of the following would be the best reason for prolonged preservation of the body? .
A. The food that the person ate contained toxins that killed the bacteria that would have otherwise destroyed the body
B. The arrow wound caused blood to flow out of the body, which led the enzymes that would break down tissue to be cleared from the body
C. The body was frozen in the cold temperature of the Alps shortly after he died and remained frozen until it was found
D. The ultraviolet rays at such a high altitude caused all the body's molecules to be preserved.
The Correct Answer is C.The best reason for the prolonged preservation of the body is that it was frozen in the cold temperature of the Alps shortly after he died and remained frozen until it was found.
Freezing can preserve a body by slowing down or stopping the decomposition process.
Choice A is not correct because the food that the person ate would not have contained toxins that killed the bacteria that would have otherwise destroyed the body.
Choice B is not correct because the arrow wound would not have caused blood to flow out of the body in a way that would have cleared enzymes that break down tissue from the body.
Choice D is not correct because ultraviolet rays at high altitude would not have caused all of the body’s molecules to be preserved.
Question 6:
To separate genomic DNA fragments by size, which of these laboratory methods is most useful?
A. Titration
B. Electrophoresis
C. Filtration
D. Spectrophotometry
The Correct Answer is B.Electrophoresis is the most useful laboratory method for separating genomic DNA fragments by size.
Electrophoresis is a technique that uses an electric field to separate charged molecules, such as DNA fragments, based on their size and charge.
Choice A is not correct because titration is a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a solution.
Choice C is not correct because filtration is a laboratory method used to separate solids from liquids.
Choice D is not correct because spectrophotometry is a laboratory method used to measure the absorbance of light by a solution.
Question 7:
Which of the following results in osteoporosis?
A. An increase in osteocyte activity while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels.
B. A decline in osteoclast activity while osteoblast activity continues at expected levels.
C. An increase in osteocyte activity while osteoblast activity reduces.
D. A decline in osteoblast activity while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels.
The Correct Answer is D.A decline in osteoblast activity while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels results in osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance between the functioning of osteoclast and osteoblast cells.
Osteoblasts are responsible for forming new bone, while osteoclasts break down old bone.
If osteoblast activity declines while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels, this means that more bone is being broken down than is being formed, leading to a loss of bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis.
Choice A is incorrect because an increase in osteocyte activity would not result in osteoporosis.
Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain the mineral concentration of the bone matrix.
Choice B is incorrect because a decline in osteoclast activity would not result in osteoporosis.
Osteoclasts break down old bone, so a decline in their activity would mean that less bone is being broken down.
Choice C is incorrect because an increase in osteocyte activity would not result in osteoporosis.
As mentioned earlier, osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain the mineral concentration of the bone matrix.
Question 8:
Which of the following is used to determine a person's DNA sequence?
A. Enzymes
B. Blood types
C. Hormones
D. Genes
The Correct Answer is D.Genes are used in the process of DNA sequencing to determine the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
Choice B.
Blood types is not the correct answer because blood types are determined by the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells and are not directly related to DNA sequencing.
Choice C.
Hormones is not the correct answer because hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the body and are not directly involved in DNA sequencing.
Choice D.
Genes is the correct answer because genes are used in the process of DNA sequencing to determine the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
Question 9:
Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?
A. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4
B. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4
C. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4
D. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4
The Correct Answer is C.The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
A solution with a pH of 7 is neutral, while a solution with a pH less than 7 is acidic and a solution with a pH greater than 7 is alkaline.
Because the pH scale is logarithmic, each whole number change in pH represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity.
Therefore, a substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Choice A.
A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4 is not correct because it incorrectly states that the substance with a lower pH is more alkaline and also incorrectly states the magnitude of the difference in acidity or alkalinity.
Choice B.
A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4 is not correct because it correctly states that the substance with a lower pH is more acidic but incorrectly states the magnitude of the difference in acidity.
Choice D.
A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4 is not correct because it incorrectly states that the substance with a lower pH is more alkaline.
Question 10:
Which of the following is the function of a totipotent cell?
A. Fights infectious diseases.
B. Aids in the maturation of sex cells.
C. Carries electrical impulses.
D. Develops into any kind of cell.
The Correct Answer is D.A totipotent cell can self-renew by dividing and develop into the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and into extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta.
A fertilized egg is a totipotent stem cell and as such can develop into any specialized cell found in the organism.
Choice A is not correct because totipotent cells do not fight infectious diseases.
Choice B is not correct because totipotent cells do not aid in the maturation of sex cells.
Choice C is not correct because totipotent cells do not carry electrical impulses.