A. Hair
B. Nails
C. Skin
D. Iris
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While melanin can be found in nails, it is not produced there. Melanin is the pigment that provides color to skin, hair, and eyes. Although the specific coloring of one's skin, hair, and eyes are genetically determined. environmental factors such as sun exposure can increase melanin production in the skin to help protect it from damage.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is B.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?
A. They change shape when they bind their substrates.
B. They can catalyze reactions in both forward and reverse directions.
C. Their activity is sensitive to changes in temperature.
D. They are always active on more than one kind of substrate.
The Correct Answer is D.Enzymes are substrate-specific. Most enzymes catalyze only one biochemical reaction. Their active sites are specific for a certain type of substrate and do not bind to other substrates and catalyze other reactions.
What is a hypothetical explanation for an occurrence that is based on prior knowledge called?
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Trial
D. Hypothesis
The Correct Answer is D.A hypothesis is the use of prior knowledge in order to provide a hypothetical explanation for why something may or may not occur. A hypothesis can be proved wrong or right based on the results of the experiment and repeated trials.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. An organelle is a specialized structure in a cell, such as a ribosome.
B. An organ is made up of similar tissues that perform the same function.
C. Organ systems are two or more organs performing similar functions.
D. A tissue contains a single cell type that works to perform a specific function.
The Correct Answer is D.A tissue contains a variety of cell types that work in conjunction to perform similar functions.
The cells are similar in structure despite being located throughout the body. There are four types of tissues in the human body: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous system tissues.
Which of the following molecules exhibits ionic bonding?
A. NaCl
B. CO2
C. C6H12O6
D. H2O
The Correct Answer is A.Sodium chloride exhibits lonic bonding due to the attraction between Na+ ions and Cl- ions.
Typically, elements on the opposite sides of the periodic table (a metal and a nonmetal) form ionic bonds. Carbon dioxide, water, and glucose exhibit covalent bonding. Typically, elements on the same side of the periodic table (two or more nonmetals) form covalent bonds.
A patient lying flat on their back is in which of the following positions?
A. Prone
B. Supine
C. Lateral
D. Medial
The Correct Answer is B.Which of the following statements best defines an organelle?
A. Layer of polysaccharides outside the plasma membrane of cells
B. Abnormal Infectious proteins
C. Specialized structures within a cell
D. Collection of tissues used to serve a specific function
The Correct Answer is C.Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that serve a specific function. For example, mitochondria supply energy to the cell by generating adenosine triphosphate. Ribosomes are the site for protein synthesis. The nucleus is in charge of all of the activities of the cell.
A group of researchers have conducted a study examining the impact of a new medication on blood pressure.
What is the purpose of submitting the study for publication in a peer-reviewed journal?
A. Other scientists can validate or disprove the findings.
B. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will guarantee acceptance of the study's conclusions.
C. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal is unnecessary for this type of study.
D. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will lead to the manipulation of the study's results.
The Correct Answer is A.Other scientists can validate or disprove the findings.
The purpose of submitting a study for publication in a peer-reviewed journal is to have the study’s methodology, results, and conclusions evaluated by other experts in the field.
This process helps to ensure the quality and validity of the research. Choice B.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will guarantee acceptance of the study’s conclusions is incorrect because publication in a peer-reviewed journal does not guarantee acceptance of the study’s conclusions.
The study’s findings may still be subject to debate and further research. Choice C.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal is unnecessary for this type of study is incorrect because publication in a peer-reviewed journal is an important step in the scientific process for all types of studies.
Choice D.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will lead to the manipulation of the study’s results is incorrect because the peer-review process is designed to prevent manipulation of results by ensuring that the study meets rigorous standards for quality and validity.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning correlation?
A. Correlation can show the relationship between variables.
B. Correlation can show cause and effect.
C. Correlation can show linear relationships.
D. Correlation can show nonlinear relationships.
The Correct Answer is B.Correlations may be positive or negative and linear or nonlinear. However, correlation does not determine cause and effect. Correlation does not necessarily mean causation.
Which of the heart chambers is the largest?
A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
The Correct Answer is C.Of the four heart chambers, the left ventricle is the largest. When it contracts, it pushes blood out to the organs and extremities of the body. The right ventricle pushes blood into the lungs. The atria, on the other hand, receive blood from the outlying parts of the body and transport it into the ventricles.
The basic process works as follows: Oxygen-poor blood fills the right atrium and is pumped into the right ventricle. from which it is pumped into the pulmonary artery and on to the lungs. In the lungs, this blood is oxygenated. The blood then reenters the heart at the left atrium, which, when full, pumps into the left ventricle. When the left ventricle is full, blood is pushed into the aorta and on to the organs and extremities of the body.
Which of these does NOT match the nitrogenous base to the nucleobase?
A. Purine: Adenine
B. Purine: Thymine
C. Pyrimidine: Uracil
D. Pyrimidine: Cytosine
The Correct Answer is B.There are two types of nitrogenous bases: purine and pyrimidine bases. Purine bases have two rings in their structure and consist of adenine and guanine. Pyrimidine bases only have one ring in their structure and consist of thymine and cytosine (DNA) and uracil and cytosine (RNA). Therefore, the correct answer is B since thymine is a pyrimidine.